Preventive Human Rights by Bertrand Ramcharan

Author:Bertrand Ramcharan [Ramcharan, Bertrand]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: International Relations, Psychology, International, History & Theory, Diplomacy, Political Science, Interpersonal Relations, Law, General, Human Rights
ISBN: 9781135150556
Google: iRyMAgAAQBAJ
Goodreads: 16490433
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2010-03-01T00:00:00+00:00

The Continental Early Warning System of the African Union

The Protocol Relating to the Establishment of the Peace and Security Council of the African Union provides that, in order to facilitate the anticipation and prevention of conflicts, a Continental Early Warning System is to be established. It should consist of two prevention of gross violations of human rights. One is an observation and monitoring center, the Situation Room, located at the Conflict Management Directorate of the Union, and responsible for data collection and analysis on the basis of an appropriate early warning indicators module. The other is observation and monitoring units of the regional mechanisms, to be linked directly through appropriate means of communication to the Situation Room, and which should collect and process data at their level and transmit them to the Situation Room.

The Protocol mandates the Commission of the African Union to cooperate with the UN, other international organizations, research centers, academic institutions and NGOs, to facilitate the effective functioning of the Early Warning System. The system is mandated to develop an early warning module based on clearly defined and accepted political, economic, social, military and humanitarian indicators, which are to be used to analyze developments within the continent and to recommend the best course of action.

According to the Protocol, the Chairperson of the Commission shall use the information gathered through the Early Warning System to advise the Peace and Security Council of the African Union on potential conflicts and threats to peace and security in Africa, and recommend the best course of action. The Chairperson is also to use this information for the execution of the responsibilities and functions entrusted to the Commission. The Chairperson is mandated, in consultation with member states and the regional mechanisms, the United Nations and other relevant institutions, to work out the practical details for the establishment and effective functioning of the Early Warning System. As of the time of writing, this process is being set in motion.

It is noteworthy that the Protocol, in order to enable the Peace and Security Council to perform its responsibilities, provides for the establishment of an African Standby Force to be composed of multidisciplinary contingents, with civilian and military components in their countries of origin and ready for rapid deployment at short notice. The member states are required to take steps to establish standby contingents for participation in peace support missions decided on by the Peace and Security Council or intervention authorized by the Assembly. The strength and types of such contingents, their degree of readiness and general location shall be determined in accordance with established African Union Peace Support Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and shall be subject to periodic reviews depending on prevailing crisis and conflict situations.

It is also worth noting that the Constitutive Act of the African Union states among the principles of the organization: “The right of the Union to intervene in a Member State pursuant to a decision of the Assembly in respect of grave circumstances, namely war crimes, genocide and crimes against humanity.

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