Laboratory Science with Space Data by Daniel Beysens Luigi Carotenuto Jack J.W.A. J. W. A. van Loon & Martin Zell

Author:Daniel Beysens, Luigi Carotenuto, Jack J.W.A. J. W. A. van Loon & Martin Zell
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg

Effect of Microgravity on Growth and Morphology of Endothelial Cells

Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) play an important role in tissue homeostasis, blood-tissue exchange and vasotonic regulation and are very sensitive to the physical environment. Dysfunctions in macro/microvascular ECs cultured in simulated microgravity have been described [169, 256]. In particular, simulated microgravity stimulates Human Umbilical Vein EC (HUVEC) growth and this effect correlates with an over-expression of hsp70 and a down-regulation of IL-1α, a potent inhibitor of EC growth, also implicated in promoting senescence. In addition, HUVECs rapidly remodel their cytoskeleton, markedly down-regulate actin, and increase the synthesis of vasodilators with significant modulation of gene expression. Simulated microgravity influences HUVEC proliferation and differentiation with the involvement of anti-angiogenic factors that may be responsible for the non-spontaneous formation of blood vessels. The results of the simulations were validated with an experiment in space, specifically aiming at the evaluation of EC gene expression, protein profile, and synthesis of nitric oxide. The analyses of the space-flown cells are currently ongoing.

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