Digital Disability by Gerard Goggin & Christopher Newell

Author:Gerard Goggin & Christopher Newell
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9780742577015
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Published: 2013-12-05T00:00:00+00:00

NOTES

1. Frances Cairncross, The Death of Distance: How the Communications Revolution Will Change Our Lives (London: Orion Business Books, 1998), xi.

2. National Council on Disability (NCD), The Accessible Future (Washington, D.C.: NCD, 2001).

3. According to Manuel Castells, the information society and similar terminologies were all “originated in Japan in the mid-1960s— johoka shakai in Japanese—and transmitted to the West in 1978 by Simon Mora and Alain Minc (in their L’Informatisation de la société [Paris: La Documentation française, 1978])” (The Rise of the Network Society, vol. 1 of The Information Age [Oxford: Blackwell, 1996], 21).

4. OECD, Information Infrastructure Policies in OECD Countries (Paris, OECD: 1996); www.oecd.org/dsti/iccp/iip.html [accessed 15 February 2002]. Our attention was drawn to this quotation by Dianne Northfield’s helpful The Information Policy Maze: Global Challenges—National Responses (Melbourne: RMIT, 1999), which provides an overview of the information infrastructures policies adopted in a number of countries (see especially chapter 2, “Approaches to Navigating the Maze: National Information Strategies,” 36–112).

5. Information Infrastructure Taskforce, The National Information Infrastructure: Agenda for Action (Washington, D.C.: Department of Commerce, 1993); www.ibiblio.org/nii/toc.html [accessed 15 February 2002].

6. See Brian Kahin and Ernest J. Wilson III, eds., National Information Infrastructure Initiatives: Vision and Policy Design (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1997).

7. The Global Information Infrastructure: Agenda for Cooperation (Washington, D.C.: National Telecommunications and Information Administration, 1994); www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/giiagend.html [accessed 15 February 2002]. For associated documents, see www.iitf.nist.gov/index-old.html [accessed 15 February 2002].

8. A Framework for Global Electronic Commerce (Washington, D.C.: Department of Commerce, 1997); www.iitf.nist.gov/eleccomm/ecomm.htm [accessed 15 February 2002].

9. The National Information Infrastructure, www.ibiblio.org/nii/NII-Task-Force.html [accessed 15 February 2002].

10. Despite initiatives such as Federal Communications Commission (FCC), Building Bridges to the Information Superhighway: Annual Report of the Disabilities Issues Task Force (Washington, D.C.: FCC, 1996).

11. NCD, Access to the Information Superhighway and Emerging Information Technologies by People with Disabilities (Washington, D.C.: NCD, 1996); www.ncd.gov/newsroom/publications/superhwy.html (15 February 2002).

12. High-Level Group on the Information Society, Europe and the Global Information Society: Recommendations to the European Council (Bangemann Report) (Brussels: European Commission, 1994); www.medicif.org/Dig_library/ECdocs/reports/Bangemann.htm.

13. Europe and the Global Information Society, chapter 1.

14. Europe and the Global Information Society, chapter 1.

15. Europe and the Global Information Society, chapter 1.

16. Europe and the Global Information Society, chapter 1.

17. Department of Trade and Industry, Creating the Superhighways of the Future: The Potential of Broadband Communications (London: HMSO, 1994); www.archive.official-documents.co.uk/document/dti/dticmd/ [accessed 15 February 2002]. For a discussion of the British policy experience see P. Goodwin, “British Media Policy Takes to the Superhighway,” Media, Culture & Society 17 (1995): 677–89; William Dutton et al., The Information Superhighway: Britain’s Response: A Forum Discussion (Policy Research Paper 29; Programme on Information and Communications Technologies, Economic and Social Research Council: London, 1994).

18. Creating the Superhighways, paragraph 21, chapter 2.

19. Creating the Superhighways, paragraph 76, chapter 5.

20. For instance, see the July 1996 special issue of the New Beacon magazine, published by the U.K. Royal National Institute of the Blind (RNIB). The RNIB also established an Information Superhighway Project. See also Sally Rosenthal, “Adrift on the Information Highway: Confessions of a Wannabe Computer Nerd,” Electric Edge: Web Edition of the Ragged Edge (Sept/Oct.

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