Clinical ECGs in Paramedic Practice by Till Charles L.;

Author:Till, Charles L.;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Class Publishing

Clinical Signs and Symptoms of Acute Coronary Syndrome 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15

◼ Chest pain or discomfort:

► Often severe and of sudden onset.

► Central or left side of the chest, though may be diffuse and not localised within the chest.

► Described as tight, crushing, constricting or heavy in nature.

► Often not affected by position or movement.

► Possible radiation to the neck, jaw, arms or epigastric region of the abdomen.

► Lasting longer than 15 minutes.

◼ Associated signs and symptoms:

► Shortness of breath.

► Dizziness.

► Nausea and vomiting.

► Pallor and clamminess.

► Anxiety, agitation or a sense of impending doom.

► Collapse.

► Palpitations.

► Tachycardia.

► Weakness or fatigue.

► Audible S3 or S4 heart sound.

► Atypical symptoms:

◗ Non-‘classic’ chest pain.

◗ Isolated upper epigastric pain.

► The damage to the heart muscle can be significant enough to cause a reduced cardiac output. The severity of the circulatory shock (page 14) and the associated symptoms is dictated by the degree of cardiac muscle damage. Symptoms associated with reduced cardiac output include:

◗ Pale, cold and clammy skin.

◗ Hypotension and weak or absent peripheral pulses.

◗ Delayed capillary refill.

◗ Tachypnoea.

◗ Dizziness or near loss of consciousness.

◗ Loss of consciousness or reduced level of consciousness.

◗ Anxiety and confusion.

Download

Copyright Disclaimer:
This site does not store any files on its server. We only index and link to content provided by other sites. Please contact the content providers to delete copyright contents if any and email us, we'll remove relevant links or contents immediately.