AACN Essentials of Critical Care Nursing by Suzanne Burns

Author:Suzanne Burns
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
Published: 2014-11-15T00:00:00+00:00

Etiology, Risk Factors, and Pathophysiology

Risk factors for the development of ARDS can be categorized into conditions that lead to direct damage to the alveolar-capillary membrane (primary causes) and those that are thought to be mediated by cellular or humoral injury to the capillary endothelial wall (secondary causes) (Table 10-7). Whether primary or secondary causes, the pathologic processes involved in ARDS are characterized by excessive alveolar-capillary membrane permeability, interstitial edema, and diffuse alveolar injury (see Figure 10-13). Direct damage to the alveolar membrane can easily occur when toxic substances are inhaled, such as during fires or chemical spills.

TABLE 10-7. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY CAUSES OF ARDS

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