God's Problem by unknow

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Chapter Four: The Consequences of Sin

1. Josephus, Jewish Wars, bk. 6, ch. 4.

2. See note 9 in chapter 3.

3. See note 9 in chapter 1.

Chapter Five: The Mystery of the Greater Good: Redemptive Suffering 1. See Bart D. Ehrman, The New Testament: A Historical Introduction to the Early Christian Writings, 3d ed. (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 2004), ch. 9.

2. See Ehrman, New Testament, 288–91.

3. See John Collins, The Scepter and the Star: The Messiahs of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Other Ancient Literature (New York: Doubleday, 1995).

4. Thus 2 Corinthians 11:22–29; see the discussion in chapter 4.

Chapter Six: Does Suffering Make Sense? The Books of Job and Ecclesiastes 1. As you might imagine, the literature on Job is vast. For an introduction to some of the most important critical issues, see the discussions and bibliographies in Collins, Hebrew Bible, 505–17; Coogan, Old Testament, 479–89; and James Crenshaw, “Job, Book of,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary, 3:858–68.

2. See the works cited in chapter 6, note 1.

3. See the works cited in chapter 6, note 1.

4. This, of course, would have been impossible, as my reader Greg Goering has pointed out to me, since Ecclesiastes was written later.

5. See the discussions of Ecclesiastes in Collins, Hebrew Bible, 518–27; Coogan, Old Testament, 490–95; and James Crenshaw, “Ecclesiastes, Book of,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary, 2:271–80.

Notes 283

Chapter Seven: God Has the Last Word: Jewish-Christian Apocalypticism 1. There is an abundant literature on apocalypticism (and the literary genre

“apocalypse”). See the discussions and bibliographies in Adela Yarbro Collins,

“Apocalypses and Apocalypticism,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary, 1:279–92, and in John Collins, The Apocalyptic Imagination: An Introduction to the Matrix of Christianity (New York: Crossroad, 1984).

2. For an introduction to the Maccabean period, see Shaye Cohen, From the Maccabbees to the Mishnah (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1987).

3. See John Collins, “Daniel, Book of,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary, 2:29–37; Collins, Hebrew Bible, 553–71; and Coogan, Old Testament, 536–43.

4. For other interpretations, including the view that the “one like a son of man” is an angelic figure who receives the kingdom on behalf of God’s chosen people, see the studies cited in the previous note.

5. For this understanding of Jesus as an apocalypticist, see the following books (which represent a tiny fraction of the scholarly literature on the historical Jesus but agree with the majority view that Jesus was an apocalypticist): Dale Allison, Jesus of Nazareth: Millenarian Prophet (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1998); Bart D. Ehrman, Jesus: Apocalyptic Prophet of the New Millennium (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1999); Paula Frederiksen, Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews: A Jewish Life and the Emergence of Christianity (New York: Knopf, 1999); John Meier, A Marginal Jew: Rethinking the Historical Jesus (New York: Doubleday, 1991– ; three volumes have so far appeared); E. P.

Sanders, The Historical Figure of Jesus (London: Penguin, 1993).

6. In the Gospel narratives, Jesus uses the phrase “Son of Man” to refer to himself. In my book Jesus: Apocalyptic Prophet of the New Millennium, I give the arguments that have convinced many scholars—myself included—that the

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