Ovarian Aging by Shixuan Wang

Author:Shixuan Wang
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9789811988486
Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore

5.5.4 Conclusions

This section details roles of mitochondria in ovaries, exploring the mitochondrial number, morphology, DNA copy number, DNA deletions and mutations, and key genes. Mitochondrial abnormalities lead to ovarian function abnormalities. Therefore, the mitochondria are essential in ovarian aging [224].

Many factors affect mitochondrial structure and function, which cause abnormal cell function and impaired ovarian function. Various factors, such as environmental exposures, iatrogenic radiotherapy, and chemotherapy trigger oocytes and granulocytes apoptosis, and the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway is a key contributor. Other factors influencing ovarian aging also increase the cellular OS level, causing a series of secondary reactions leading to ovarian function decline. Therefore, mitochondria also play a crucial role in OS.

Previous mechanisms related to ovarian aging mainly focused on OS and apoptosis, with a few mentioning the role of mitochondria. Recently, more studies have reported the initial molecular mechanisms of mitochondria related to ovarian cells in detail [225]. The number, morphology, distribution state, mitochondrial membrane potential, and deletions and mutations of mitochondrial DNA in oocytes affect their function. Reproductive studies generally focus on oocytes; however, the role of mitochondria in other somatic cells and their contribution to ovarian aging remains unclear. Therefore, investigations regarding mitochondria in ovarian granulosa and stromal cells are lacking, and further studies are necessary.

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