Nonlinear and Complex Dynamics by José António Tenreiro Machado Dumitru Baleanu & Albert C. J. Luo

Nonlinear and Complex Dynamics by José António Tenreiro Machado Dumitru Baleanu & Albert C. J. Luo

Author:José António Tenreiro Machado, Dumitru Baleanu & Albert C. J. Luo
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer New York, New York, NY


(5a)

we use the fraction

(5b)

then for ρ o  = 0 (mass less interacting field), (2) becomes

(2a)

Now we apply this equation to a system of two electrons at R 1 and R 2 acting on the vacuum of the less mass boson field. In this case ε k , and

.

Further, if we assume , we write

and

We have considered and . The upper limit of the integrals over q o appears from the requirement

The interaction energy (2a) becomes

The factor 2 appears because we have considered the two nearest neighbours of an electron. The interaction energy between two electrons is



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