Measuring the Risks and Causes of Premature Death: Summary of Workshops by Holly G. Rhodes

Author:Holly G. Rhodes
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: The National Academies Press
Published: 2015-01-07T00:00:00+00:00

SUMMARY

Various sources of data and approaches to studying premature mortality exist. Presenters described the ways in which premature mortality has been conceptualized, and the data sources that they have used to gather data on causes of death and risk factors. They also described the methodology used in major studies of this topic, highlighting the implications of their approaches, as well as key methodological issues to be addressed in future efforts. Ultimately, understanding these approaches is critical for making sense of the results of the major studies presented in Chapter 3.

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1 See U.S. Burden of Disease Collaborators (2013).

2 See http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/alcohol.htm [November 2013].

3 See http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/ndi.htm for more information [November 2014].

4 See https://www.census.gov/did/www/nlms/ for more information [November 2014].

5 Further information on YLL can be found at http://www.who.int/whosis/whostat2006YearsOfLifeLost.pdf [November 2013].

6 Australia, Canada, Denmark, France, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Spain, and United Kingdom.

7 For more detailed information about the data sources and methods of the Global Burden of Disease Study, see http://www.healthdata.org/gbd and http://www.who.int/topics/global_burden_of_disease/en/ [December 2014].

8 Based on the World Cancer Research Funds’ criteria for what risk factors it included, the GBD used their criteria for convincing or probable evidence, which means evidence from trials or consistent evidence from cohort studies.

9 Low glomular filtration rates have been linked to gout, heart disease, kidney disease, and stroke.

10 Personal SES factors included low educational attainment, high educational attainment, high occupational attainment, income, poverty, wealth (property), homeownership, wealth (property) distribution, immigrant status, and living without a partner. Environmental factors included between race disparity in wealth, urban county, part urban, in the South, population growth rate, proportion of county that is black, black population in surrounding area, availability of fast food, quality of acute hospital care, cold climate, warm climate, and air pollution.

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