Capital and Coercion by Kentor Jeffrey D.;

Author:Kentor, Jeffrey D.;
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 1596471
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Group

Figure 2b. A Comparison of Military Power 1990.

Figure 2c. A Comparison of Military Power 1990.

Figure 2d. A Comparison of Military Power 1990.

Other than Japan, Germany, France and the U.K., there is little heterogeneity across countries. The two most noticeable exceptions are South Korea and Israel. South Korea exhibits a relatively high level of military expenditures, while Israel excels in military exports.

The final dimension to be examined is that of global dependency, which is comprised of export commodity concentration, foreign debt/GDP and military imports/GDP. The results are given in figures 3a–d. It is interesting to note that these ranks are very different from those of economic or military power. High levels of global dependence can be found in both weak and powerful countries, and these scores are the result of different profiles. The countries exhibiting the most global dependence are Peru, Burundi, Jamaica, Norway, Mali, Israel and Algeria, in that order. Peru, Burundi, Jamaica, Mali and Algeria have high levels of commodity concentration. Other countries with high levels of commodity concentration include Togo, Chile, Portugal and South Korea. Norway has relatively high levels on all three variables, with its highest score being from foreign debt/gdp. Relatively high foreign debt/gdp is also exhibited by other Nordic Countries including Denmark, Sweden and Finland The high score for Israel comes from its extremely high level of military dependence. In fact, it has the highest score of all countries sampled on this variable. Egypt and Turkey also exhibit high levels of military dependence.

Similarly, those countries with relatively low scores on global dependence include a broad spectrum of countries. Thailand, Italy, France, Philippines, Brazil, Austria, Germany and the U.S. have the lowest overall scores on this dimension. The dependency profiles of these countries are similar, with relatively low scores on all three variables. All of these countries score lowest on export commodity concentration.

The next step is to examine the relationships among these three dimensions. An examination of the correlations among these dimensions is instructive. Economic power is correlated .67 with military power. Both economic power and military power are correlated −.26 with global dependence. A visual description of these relationships is also useful. Bar graphs illustrating these relationships and how they change across the core/periphery hierarchy are shown in figures 4a–d. I begin with a discussion of figure 4a, which includes the highest scoring countries of those sampled. This distribution is homogeneous. All countries are relatively strong economically and militarily, with relatively low global dependence scores. It is interesting to note that while the U.S. and Japan are nearly equivalent in terms of economic power, the U.S. obtains a high ranking by its military power, which is substantially greater than any other country. Germany's relative strength over France is derived from its economic power, while France has a more potent military apparatus. The profiles of the second tier of countries (figure 4b) are more heterogeneous. While still exhibiting relative economic strength, all of these countries are relatively weak militarily. They are also relatively low in global dependence.

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