Trauma and the Rehabilitation of Trafficked Women by S. Behnaz Hosseini

Author:S. Behnaz Hosseini [Hosseini, S. Behnaz]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Social Science, General, Sociology, Refugees
ISBN: 9781003023180
Google: aE9YzQEACAAJ
Barnesnoble:
Goodreads: 51457057
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2020-01-15T03:28:27+00:00

Challenges, livelihood and empowerment

This chapter describes the life of survivors in the shelter homes, including the support received for their psychological recovery, returning to the track of so-called ‘normal life’, education for economic well-being, and finally, some other challenges related to their economic advancement. Regarding the responsibility of the individual, it is suggested that refugees can contribute to social integration through their choice of residence in a country and learning the language. However, the choice, in practice, is increasingly limited. Furthermore, refugees also contribute through their efforts to find a job and their level of engagement with society. NGO programmes for income-generation assistance must acknowledge the stigma that surrounds trafficking returnees (Crawford and Kaufman 2008). All survivors require a central location for support, counselling, education and skills training, medical services, and a supportive community (Kempadoo and Doezema 1998; Jayasree 2004; Farr 2004; Crawford and Kaufman 2008). However, for those who were removed from their original communities, counsellors often suggest that a period of recovery based on individual needs must precede reintegration into society (Chatterjee et al. 2006).

Here, I am interested in the possible facts and will convey the information from my correspondent’s view point. This chapter uses the empowerment theories of Kabeer (1999), Mosedale (2003), Saleebey (2006), and Sadan (2004) to examine and investigate the level of the empowerment of the survivors. They were provided with education about their host cities, including information about transportation, housing, employment, and government benefits such as education (including higher education), social security, health care, and other public services. Language studies support a common problem in the integration process among refugees, which is the lost recorded proof of previous education, training, and professional experience. NGOs accomplish an assessment of clients’ educational background and skills and attempt to identify their educational needs.

Most often, the services provided are language training and literacy classes, cultural orientation, and mainstreaming to higher education structures, as well as specific courses to develop knowledge in a particular field and career planning. Higher education is still very expensive for the women in most countries, however grants are available in many countries, including Belgium, especially for young women under the age of 25. NGOs are particularly supportive of promoting reading, writing, and language skills, as illiteracy and language barriers are some of the major limitations preventing women from working.

Even with the benefits of host countries and the opportunities presented by NGOs, survivors still must make a choice between staying in their host countries or returning home. Depending on the country, there may be a period of time before refugees are required to announce their decisions to authorities. Residency permits are required before they can access public services and benefits of residency. Education was provided for girls under the motto: If you educate a boy, you educate an individual; if you educate a girl, you educate a nation (Grabska 2013).

The goal of the integration process is to maximize long-term economic and social benefits. The process begins as soon as a refugee decides to remain in the new country, and it requires the benefit of legal status to make the integration possible.

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