Guide to Assessment Scales in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder by Scott H Kollins & Elizabeth Sparrow & C Keith Conners

Author:Scott H Kollins & Elizabeth Sparrow & C Keith Conners
Language: eng
Format: mobi
Tags: Springer Healthcare 2010
ISBN: 9781907673153
Publisher: Springer Healthcare
Published: 2011-07-01T21:00:00+00:00

28 GUIDE TO A SSE SSMEN T SC ALE S IN ADHD

scales, competence scales, positive qualities scale, adaptive functioning scales, and personal strengths scale indicate high levels of competence (ie, “normal” classification).

Pros, cons, and best uses

Overall, the ASEBA is a sophisticated instrument with a number of technical strengths. The ASEBA scales have a long history of use and research, and very good reliability and validity, including discriminative validity. The normative samples are extensive and well stratified by age, gender, and geographic region. Like the BASC-2, the ASEBA is not DSM-IV based, but includes items that are relevant to DSM-IV diagnoses. A number of scores can be obtained on the ASEBA forms. The ASEBA has the strongest multicultural presence of any scale reviewed in this publication, including research literature and alternate normative data samples.

Like the BASC-2, interpretation varies for high scores on various ASEBA scales; this is a possible source for examiner error in interpretation. Be attentive to the direction of each scale when interpreting T-scores. It may help to keep in mind the scale label – if it describes a desirable attribute, a high score is desired (and vice versa).

Useful resource

ASEBA components can be found at www.aseba.org.

Rating scales for adults

The past 10 years have seen a substantial increase in the recognition of ADHD in adults.

Consistent with longitudinal studies that have estimated that approximately half of children and adolescents with ADHD will continue to experience symptoms and

impairment into adulthood, recent prevalence estimates for adult ADHD indicate that 4.4–5.2% of adults in the US meet criteria for the disorder.2–5 Fortunately, along with the increase in recognition of the disorder in adults, there has also been an increase in the tools that can be used to assess ADHD and monitor outcomes. The remainder of this section will describe and evaluate a range of scales used to assess ADHD and related impairments in adults. A summary of these instruments is shown in Table 4. It should be noted that the list of rating scales described here is not exhaustive. Rather, those scales that are most widely used and represented in the relevant clinical literature were included. Also, many scales that have been used in the assessment of adults with ADHD but do not focus on primary symptoms and impairments (ie, scales measuring mood problems or substance use) are not included in this discussion.

At least six separate scales have been used with some frequency to assess the signs and symptoms of ADHD (Table 4).

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